01
01
胶辊精度差、胶辊位置调整不当及胶体太硬引起布墨不均
Poor cot accuracy, improper cot position adjustment and too hard gel cause uneven ink distribution
当胶辊轴头磨损或胶辊与串墨铁辊接触不良时，都不能实现较均匀的布墨和传墨。另外，着墨辊胶体过硬时，在版面布墨过程中容易打滑引起印刷杠痕及着墨不均的弊病，影响版面印刷质量。
When the rubber roller shaft head is worn or the rubber roller and the iron roller are in poor contact, the more uniform ink distribution and transfer can not be realized. In addition, when the colloid of inking roller is too hard, it is easy to slip in the process of layout, causing the defects of printing bar mark and uneven inking, which affect the printing quality of layout.
02
02
墨斗铁辊磨损失圆及钢片边沿呈曲线状严重
The iron roller of the ink bucket is seriously worn out of round and the edge of the steel sheet is curved
输墨量失调引起墨层不均。存有这些情况时，必须采取相应的修复措施，尽量使铁辊保持较好的同心度并把钢片边沿修磨成直线状，从而使墨斗上的油墨辊出墨量大小控制灵活，以免产生印品纵向里色不均。
The ink layer is uneven due to the imbalance of ink delivery. When these conditions exist, we must take corresponding repair measures to keep the iron roll as concentric as possible, and grind the edge of the steel sheet into a straight line, so that the ink output of the ink roll on the ink hopper can be controlled flexibly, so as to avoid uneven vertical color of the printing.
03
03
油墨黏度太大及墨层偏厚造成的墨色不均
Ink viscosity is too large and ink layer thickness caused by uneven ink
当墨斗铁辊行程量调太小，而钢片与铁辊间隙则调太大，这时墨斗辊的油墨层厚，不易被均匀涂布，转移到版面上经压印后，常会出现细鳞的斑点，这是由于纸张对油墨的吸附力小于油墨在印版上附着力所造成的结果。
When the stroke of the iron roller is adjusted too small, and the gap between the steel plate and the iron roller is adjusted too large, the ink layer of the ink roller is thick, and it is not easy to be evenly coated. After being transferred to the layout, fine scale spots often appear, which is the result of the paper's less ink adsorption than the ink's adhesion on the printing plate.
04
04
印刷压力不均或版托欠坚实
The printing pressure is uneven or the plate holder is not solid
版面油墨层不能均匀地转印到承印物上。当印刷压力不均匀或不足时，版面上的油墨层就不能均匀或完整转移到承印物上，使印品墨层浓淡不一或着墨不实。此外，凸印工艺若采用木底托印刷较大面积的图版，由于底托易产生压缩变形，坚实度又不足，这样印品墨层往往也会产生不实和不均匀状，成批产品也容易出现前后墨色浓淡不一现象。故凸印工艺宜采用金属性版托粘版，以确保印刷质量。
The ink layer of the layout cannot be transferred to the substrate evenly. When the printing pressure is uneven or insufficient, the ink layer on the layout can not be transferred to the substrate evenly or completely, resulting in uneven ink layer thickness or inking. In addition, if a large area of plate is printed with a wood base in the embossing process, the base is easy to produce compression deformation, and the firmness is insufficient, so that the ink layer of the printed products is often not solid and uniform, and the ink color of the batch products is easy to be different. Therefore, the embossing process should adopt the metal plate to support the adhesive plate, so as to ensure the printing quality.
05
05
印刷面积过大，设备结构性能不相适应造成墨层不均状
The printing area is too large, the structure and performance of the equipment are not suitable, resulting in uneven ink layer
印刷版面越大，墨层与印版的附着力就越强，这样压印时由于油墨与印版的附着力和纸张对油墨的吸附力之间的不平衡现象，难免在局部上产生，于是油墨层产生破裂，因而不能均匀完整地向纸面上转移。所以，印刷大面积图版产品，宜采用圆压平结构的一回转平台印刷机或圆压圆型的轮转印刷机印刷，使印刷墨色获得均匀。
The larger the printing plate is, the stronger the adhesion between the ink layer and the printing plate is. In this way, due to the imbalance between the adhesion between the ink and the printing plate and the adsorption of the paper to the ink, it is inevitable that the ink layer will break up and cannot be transferred to the paper surface evenly and completely. Therefore, for printing large area plate products, it is better to use rotary platform printing machine with circular flattening structure or rotary printing machine with circular flattening type, so as to obtain even ink color.
06
06
串墨量行程不足引起墨色条状浓淡不均匀现象
Insufficient stroke of inking volume leads to uneven striped ink color
印品纵向位产生墨层厚薄差异，也是图版印刷中的常见情况。这是因为墨斗结构上的缺陷，它不可能调 整成十分精确的纵向输墨的均匀度，为此自动化印刷机上有的增设有几组起串墨作用的铁辊，且其串动行程大小可随意作调节，当印刷受墨量大的产品时，串墨铁辊的串动行程也应调大，以保证布墨的均匀。
The difference of ink layer thickness caused by the vertical position of printing is also a common situation in plate printing. This is because of the structural defects of the ink hopper, it is impossible to adjust it to a very accurate uniformity of the longitudinal ink feeding. Therefore, some automatic printing machines are equipped with several groups of iron rollers which play the role of ink stringing, and the stroke size of the iron rollers can be adjusted at will. When printing products with a large amount of ink, the stroke of the iron rollers should also be adjusted to ensure the uniformity of ink distribution.
07
07
印刷杠痕造成墨层浓淡不均现象
Uneven ink layer caused by printing mark
所谓印刷“杠痕”，也称“回胶影”，俗叫“胶辊痕”。它也是图版印刷过程中常见工艺弊病，即在印品横向位置上 呈一条或多条墨色浓淡差异明显的杠影痕迹，极大地影响了产品的美感度。造成印刷杠痕的原因是多方面的，有操作技术上的原因，也有工艺上的因素。
The so-called printing "bar mark", also known as "back glue shadow", commonly known as "cot mark". It is also a common process defect in the process of plate printing, that is, there are one or more stripes with obvious differences in ink color in the horizontal position of the printed product, which greatly affects the aesthetic feeling of the product. There are many reasons for printing bar marks, including technical reasons and technological factors.
如印版垫得不均或过高、印刷压力偏重、着墨辊过硬易打滑或其高低调节不良、着墨辊使用支数不够、布墨量不足或胶辊轴头磨损间隙等，都是印刷杠痕之源。
Such as uneven or too high plate pad, heavy printing pressure, too hard roller easy to slip or poor height adjustment, insufficient number of inking roller, insufficient ink amount or roller head wear clearance, etc., are the sources of printing marks.
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