原稿是制版、印刷的基础。原稿质量的优劣，直接影响印刷成品的质量。因此，必须选择和设计适合印刷的原稿，在整个印刷复制过程中，应该尽量保持原稿的格调。原稿有反射原稿、投射原稿和电子原稿等，每类原稿按制作方式和图像特点，又有照相、绘制、线条、连续调之分。
Manuscript is the basis of plate making and printing. The quality of the original directly affects the quality of the printed products. Therefore, it is necessary to select and design the manuscript suitable for printing, and try to maintain the style of the manuscript in the whole printing and copying process. The original includes reflection original, projection original and electronic original. Each type of original can be divided into photography, drawing, line and continuous tone according to the production mode and image characteristics.
印刷是用于传递油墨承印物上的印刷图文载体。
Printing is used to transfer ink to the substrate on the printed graphic carrier.
油墨实在印刷过程中，被转移到承印物上的成像物质。
Ink is the imaging material transferred to the substrate in the printing process.
承印物是能够接受油墨或吸附色料并呈现图文的各种物质的总称，随着印刷品种类的增多，印刷中使用的承印物包罗万象。有纸张、塑料薄膜、木材、纤维织物、金属、陶瓷...承印物用量大的是纸张和塑料薄膜。
Substrate is a general term for all kinds of substances that can accept ink or adsorb pigment and present pictures and texts. With the increase of the types of printed matter, the substrate used in printing is all inclusive. There are paper, plastic film, wood, fiber fabric, metal, ceramics... Substrate consumption is large paper and plastic film.
济南印刷厂的机械是用于生产印刷品的机器、设备的总称。它的功能是使印版图文部分的油墨，转移到承印物的表面。
The machinery of Jinan printing factory is the general name of the machinery and equipment used to produce printed matter. Its function is to transfer the ink of the graphic part of the printing plate to the surface of the substrate.
印刷质量评价技术，还必需跟人的评价特点相适应。人对于物理刺激源的响应往往长短线性的，对声、光、压力等强度的响应就是如斯。对于网目调图像这种复杂的刺激，人的评价通常也长短线性的，人与人的反应风格通常就不一样。例如：若实验样本是用不同类型的纸印刷的，要评价者回答对印刷品感觉到的差别程度，有的人回答会很极 端，要么说很相似，要么说很不同，而不是在一定程度上不同；有的人回答却很谨严，回答是可能不同，决不说很不相同。假如要对不同人进行评价的结果进行比较的话，那就得把这些响应转变成为一种共同的格局。
Printing quality evaluation technology must also adapt to the characteristics of human evaluation. People's response to physical stimuli is often linear, such as the response to sound, light, pressure and so on. For complex stimuli such as halftone images, people's evaluation is usually linear, and people's reaction styles are usually different. For example, if the experimental samples are printed on different types of paper, some people will answer extremely, or very similar, or very different, rather than different to a certain extent, if the evaluators want to answer the degree of difference they feel about the printed matter; some people will answer cautiously, but the answers may be different, never very different. If we want to compare the results of different people's evaluation, we have to transform these responses into a common pattern.
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